
1 to be(或 become)fed up with(someone 或 something):意思是对某人或某事感到讨厌或厌倦(to get tired of; to be disgusted or to get sick of);
例如:i am fed up with his constant complaints(他常常的抱怨令我厌烦。)
we all became fed up with his long speech(他的长篇演说我们都觉得讨厌。)
the husband has been fed up with his wife's nagging(老公对老婆的唠叨感到厌烦。)
如果只用「to be fed up」也可以:
i will not wait for her; i am fed up(我不想再等她了;我厌了。)
(动词时态是:feed, fed, fed)可见这句俚语似乎有(被动味道),如果用 feed,意思又不同了。
例如:the mother will feed the baby with milk(母亲喂婴儿牛奶。)(feed 是及物动词)
the cattle feed on grass(牛以草为生。)(feed 是不及物动词)
但是 the cattle were fed with the grass by the farmer(农夫用草喂牛。)
(cattle 是复合名词,意为复数);
可以说:i am fed up with him(我讨厌他)
(但不能说:i feed up with him)
2 to be in a rut:是指对每天同样的工作或是墨守成规一成不变的习惯,感到单调乏味。(to be tired of routine job; nothing new or excited)(rut 这个字本意是惯例或老套)。
例如:he has not been promoted for 20years; he must be in a rut(他廿年未获升级,一定感到单调枯燥。)
after thirty years of the same job, he feels he is in a rut(干了卅年同样的工作,他觉得枯燥乏味。)所以要放弃单调枯燥的生活方式,就是 to get out of the rut
例如:if you hate your old job, you need to get out of the rut(假如你不喜欢你的老工作,你就要走出乏味的日子。)
3 to cut the cord: 意思是父母要让儿女离家过著独立自主的生活
(let your children leave home and become independent)(只用於父母与儿女间的关系);
例如:when your children are old enough to take care of themselves, you have to cut the cord(当你的孩子长大可以照顾他们自己时,你就应该让他们自力更生。)(即切断依赖父母的脐带。)
it is very difficult for many chinese parents to cut the cord with their children(许多中国父母很难让儿女完全独立自主。)(注:这里的cord,是指umbilical cord 即脐带。)
4 to start from square one: 意思是上次没有成功,必须回到起点从头做起
(something did not succeed in the first place, have to start over again)(这与to be back to square one 意义相同);
例如:he has to start from square one because his computer destroyed (crashed) his homework(由於电脑搞坏了他的作业,他必须从头做起。)
the search committee for the new college president will have to start from square one(选拔新校长委员会上次没有成功,现在又要从头做起。)
we are back to square one(我们又从头做起。)
5 to paint(someone) a picture:意思是解释某种情况,使人更加明白。
(to explain the situation; to make things more clear);
例如:in order for you to understand better, i will paint you a picture(为了使你更能明白,我愿加以解释。)
he will try to paint us a picture when he gives a speech(他演讲时,尽量想法使我们明白。)
when i write an article for a newspaper, i will paint my readers a clear picture(当我为报纸写文章时,我尽量让我的读者充分了解。)
但是to paint a picture,意思又有不同了。
例如:the artist will paint a picture of me(画家为我画像。)
the artist painted a picture for his interior decoration(画家为了他的室内布置而画了一幅画。)
6 to take a(或its)toll:意思是造成损失或有不良的影响
(to have bad effect);
例如:his hard work will eventually take its toll on his health(他的辛劳工作,最後对他身体会造成伤害。)
inflation has taken its toll everywhere(通货膨胀对各地都有不良影响。)
the storm took a heavy toll(暴风造成重大损失。)
the severe earthquake may have taken its toll on the economy of Chinese Taiwan(或 Chinese Taiwan's economy)(强烈地震对中国台湾的经济造成损失。)
the boss eliminated several senior positions to save money;it took a personal toll on him(老板为了省钱删除了几个资深职位,对他个人倒有不良影响。)
(注:to take its toll 较为常用)
7 to have the floor:指在开会时取得发言权,有人发言时,其他与会者应该注意听。 (everybody at the meeting should keep quiet and listen carefully when someone speaks to the audience)(floor 本意是全体议员或全体与会者。)
例如:will you mind letting miss wang have the floor?(王**发言时,请大家安静注意听好吗?)
everybody should be able to have the floor during the meeting(开会时,每个人都应该有发言权。)
let mr chen have the floor for ten minutes(让陈先生发言十分钟,大家注意听。)
he was given the floor by the chairperson(主席让他发言。)
8 to hold water:意思是站得住脚,禁得起考验或有足够的证据可证明一件事的可靠性。(to have evidence to prove something)(反之,hold no water就是没有足够的证据,站不住脚。)
例如:i think his statement does not hold water
(我想他的声明是站不住脚的)
也就是:there is no enough evidence to prove what he has said
(可见hold no water=does not hold water)his theory holds water
(他的理论是有足够证明的)
her constant excuses for being tardy holds no water(或 does not hold water)
(她时常的迟到藉口,没有足够的理由。)
the u s bombing excuse did not hold water with china
(美国轰炸理由不足取信中国)也就是:
china feels that the reason given by the us for bombing the chinese embassy does not hold water 所以:the argument does not hold wate r= the argument holds no water (这争吵是没有足够的理由)
9 to tighten (one's) belt:意思是束紧裤带,省吃俭用或缩紧预算(to cut the budget)
例如: the government has to tighten its belt due to a large deficit(由於庞大的赤字,政府必须缩紧预算。)
he tried to tighten his belt after he lost his job(他失业後,想办法省吃俭用。)
但也可指真正的束紧腰带:mrs chen has tightened her belt because she lost twenty pounds(陈太太缩紧了腰带因为她瘦了廿磅。)
10 to put (one's) best foot forward: 意思是全力以赴,给人以尽可能好的印象,包括礼貌、举止、说话、外表等等。(to get first good impression including manners, speech, appearance, etc)。
例如:when you go for a job interview, put your best foot forward
(当你求职面试时,首先要尽量给人良好的印象。)
we all have to put our best foot on this project
(我们对这个计画要做得好才能给别人一个好印象。)
(注:通常不用复数feet,因为同时伸出两只脚,一定会跌倒,即使主词是多数,也是如此。)
11 to miss a trick: 意思是不了解全部实况或不能细心察看
(not to figure out a situation;don't know everything that is going on;not very perceptive of every situation)
(反之,does not miss a trick 就是对全部情况非常了解。)
例如:he states emphatically that he never seems to miss a trick with his staff
(他强调他对下属是明察秋毫,无所不知。)
we can not pull the wool over his eyes because he does not miss a trick
(我们瞒不过他,因为他对所有的事,都很清楚。)
parents should not miss a trick regarding what their children are doing
(父母对儿女所做所为,应该细心察看,不可忽略。)he was fired because he missed all the tricks(由於他对事不能细心观察而被解雇。)(有人认为:如果说一个人十分精明,事事明察秋毫,似乎有点spy的味道,所以不是恭维话,读者以为然否?)
12 to nickel and dime (someone):意思是一点一滴的小事或微不足道的服务,都要收费。(to charge someone for every little thing or service)(既不是诈骗也非违法。)
例如:sometimes the lawyer will nickel and dime you for every service he (she) provides
(有时律师为了微不足道的服务也要向你收费。)
many people were nickeled and dimed by their lawyers the phone company is continually trying to nickel and dime us
(电话公司为了琐屑细节的服务,不停地向我们要每一个铜板。)
(注:本来 nickel 是五分钱,dime 是一毛钱,现在当做动词用,过去式和过去分词是:nickeled, nickeled; dimed, dimed)
13 to throw (one's) weight behind(someone or something):意思是支持某人或某事
(to support someone or something)例如:the governor of maryland threw his weight behind mr gore for the presidential election(马里兰州长支持高尔先生竞选总统)
he has thrown his weight behind the foreign policy toward china
(他支持对中国的外交政策。)但是,to throw (one's) weight around 又有仗势欺人,耀武扬威或炫耀自己的重要性,想要去影响别人和情况之意。
例如:he always tries to throw his weight around(他老觉得自己了不起,想要影响别人。)
mr lin is trying to throw his weight around in his office(林想影响办公室里所有的人。)
he throws his weight around her(他想控制她)
14 to put teeth in(或 into)(something):意思是说话时,带著慎重其事的语气,使能有效的实施(fo be very firm in speaking)
例如:if you tell your children to do something, be sure to put some teeth in your decision(假如你要孩子做事,必须表明你认真肯定的决定。)
when you become a manager, you need to put teeth in(into) the decision-making process(当你是总经理时,你对决定事物,必须以肯定语气表达,才能有效实施。)
put some teeth in your position when you speak to the teen-agers
(对青少年说话时,必须表明你认真的立场。)i have to put teeth in my conviction that capital punishment is wrong(我坚信我的立场,死刑是错误的)
(注:put teeth in 的後面多半跟 decision, position, stand, conviction 等单字,尤其 decision 最常用。)
15 to have a heart-to-heart talk:意思是诚恳的谈论
(fo discuss something sincerely)
例如:let's talk heart-to-heart about heart problem(让我们诚恳地讨论有关心脏问题)
let's have a heart-to-heart talk about this topic
(让我们诚恳地讨论这个议题)
i have had a heart-to-heart talk(或 conversation)with my department chairperson
(我与系主任有个真诚坦率的交谈)(形容词用)
we had a nice heart-to-heart(我们有个倾心的交谈)(当名词用)
(所以heart-to-heart 可当名词或形容词)
经典中文绕口令 声母 b-p:补破皮褥子不如不补破皮褥子 b-p:吃葡萄不吐葡萄皮儿,不吃葡萄倒吐葡萄皮儿 d:会炖我的炖冻豆腐,来炖我的炖冻豆腐,不会炖我的炖冻豆腐,就别炖我的炖冻豆腐。要是混充会炖我的炖冻豆腐,炖坏了我的炖冻豆腐,那就吃不成我的炖冻豆腐。 l:六十六岁刘老六,修了六十六座走马楼,楼上摆了六十六瓶苏合油,门前栽了六十六棵垂杨柳,柳上拴了六十六个大马猴。忽然一阵狂风起,吹倒了六十六座走马楼,打翻了六十六瓶苏合油,压倒了六十六棵垂杨柳,吓跑了六十六个大马猴,气死了六十六岁刘老六。 d-t:大兔子,大肚子,大肚子的大兔子,要咬大兔子的大肚子。 n-l:门口有四辆四轮大马车,你爱拉哪两辆来拉哪两辆。 h:华华有两朵黄花,红红有两朵红花。华华要红花,红红要黄花。华华送给红红一朵黄花,红红送给华华一朵红花。 j、q、x:七巷一个漆匠,西巷一个锡匠,七巷漆匠偷了西巷锡匠的锡,西巷锡匠偷了七巷漆匠的漆。 g-k:哥挎瓜筐过宽沟,快过宽沟看怪狗。光看怪狗瓜筐扣,瓜滚筐空哥怪狗。 h-f:一堆粪,一堆灰,灰混粪,粪混灰。 z-zh:隔着窗户撕字纸,一次撕下横字纸,一次撕下竖字纸,是字纸撕字纸,不是字纸,不要胡乱撕一地纸。 s-sh:三山撑四水,四水绕三山,三山四水春常在,四水三山四时春。 z、c、s-j、x司机买雌鸡,仔细看雌鸡,四只小雌鸡,叽叽好欢喜,司机笑嘻嘻。 zh、ch、sh:大车拉小车,小车拉小石头,石头掉下来,砸了小脚指头。 r:夏日无日日亦热,冬日有日日亦寒,春日日出天渐暖,晒衣晒被晒褥单,秋日天高复云淡,遥看红日迫西山。 sh、四声:石室诗士施史,嗜狮,誓食十狮,氏时时适市,氏视十狮,恃矢势,使是十狮逝世,氏拾是十狮尸,适石室,石室湿,氏使侍拭石室,石室拭,氏始试食十狮尸,食时,始识十狮尸实是十石狮尸,试释是事实。 韵母 a:门前有八匹大伊犁马,你爱拉哪匹马拉哪匹马。 e:坡上立着一只鹅,坡下就是一条河。宽宽的河,肥肥的鹅,鹅要过河,河要渡鹅。不知是鹅过河,还是河渡鹅。 i:一二三,三二一,一二三四五六七。七个阿姨来摘果,七个花篮儿手中提。七棵树上结七样儿,苹果、桃儿、石榴、柿子,李子、栗子、梨。 u:鼓上画只虎,破了拿布补。不知布补鼓,还是布补虎。 i-ü:这天天下雨,体育局穿绿雨衣的女小吕,去找穿绿运动衣的女老李。穿绿雨衣的女小吕,没找到穿绿运动衣的女老李,穿绿运动衣的女老李,也没见着穿绿雨衣的女小吕 er:要说“尔”专说“尔”/马尔代夫,喀布尔/阿尔巴尼亚,扎伊尔/卡塔尔,尼伯尔/贝尔格莱德,安道尔/萨尔瓦多,伯尔尼/利伯维尔,班珠尔/厄瓜多尔,塞舌尔/哈密尔顿,尼日尔/圣彼埃尔,巴斯特尔/塞内加尔的达喀尔,阿尔及利亚的阿尔及尔。 -i(前):一个大嫂子,一个大小子。大嫂子跟大小子比包饺子,看是大嫂子包的饺子好,还是大小子包的饺子好,再看大嫂子包的饺子少,还是大小子包的饺子少。大嫂子包的饺子又小又好又不少,大小子包的饺子又小又少又不好。 -i(后):知之为知之,不知为不知,不以不知为知之,不以知之为不知,唯此才能求真知。 ai:买白菜,搭海带,不买海带就别买大白菜。买卖改,不搭卖,不买海带也能买到大白菜。 ei:贝贝飞纸飞机,菲菲要贝贝的纸飞机,贝贝不给菲菲自己的纸飞机,贝贝教菲菲自己做能飞的纸飞机。 ai-ei:大妹和小妹,一起去收麦。大妹割大麦,小妹割小麦。大妹帮小妹挑小麦,小妹帮大妹挑大麦。大妹小妹收完麦,噼噼啪啪齐打麦。 ao:隔着墙头扔草帽,也不知草帽套老头儿,也不知老头儿套草帽。 ou:忽听门外人咬狗,拿起门来开开手;拾起狗来打砖头,又被砖头咬了手;从来不说颠倒话,口袋驮着骡子走。 an:出前门,往正南,有个面铺面冲南,门口挂着蓝布棉门帘。摘了它的蓝布棉门帘,面铺面冲南,给他挂上蓝布棉门帘,面铺还是面冲南。 en:小陈去卖针,小沈去卖盆。俩人挑着担,一起出了门。小陈喊卖针,小沈喊卖盆。也不知是谁卖针,也不知是谁卖盆。 ang:海水长,长长长,长长长消。 eng:郑政捧着盏台灯,彭澎扛着架屏风,彭澎让郑政扛屏风,郑政让彭澎捧台灯。 ang—an:张康当董事长,詹丹当厂长,张康帮助詹丹,詹丹帮助张康。 eng—en:陈庄程庄都有城,陈庄城通程庄城。陈庄城和程庄城,两庄城墙都有门。陈庄城进程庄人,陈庄人进程庄城。请问陈程两庄城,两庄城门都进人,哪个城进陈庄人,程庄人进哪个城? ang—eng:长城长,城墙长,长长长城长城墙,城墙长长城长长。 ia:天上飘着一片霞,水上飘着一群鸭。霞是五彩霞,鸭是麻花鸭。麻花鸭游进五彩霞,五彩霞挽住麻花鸭。乐坏了鸭,拍碎了霞,分不清是鸭还是霞。 ie:姐姐借刀切茄子,去把儿去叶儿斜切丝,切好茄子烧茄子,炒茄子、蒸茄子,还有一碗焖茄子。 iao:水上漂着一只表,表上落着一只鸟。鸟看表,表瞪鸟,鸟不认识表,表也不认识鸟。 iou:一葫芦酒,九两六。一葫芦油,六两九。六两九的油,要换九两六的酒,九两六的酒,不换六两九的油 ian:半边莲,莲半边,半边莲长在山涧边。半边天路过山涧边,发现这片半边莲。半边天拿来一把镰,割了半筐半边莲。半筐半边莲,送给边防连。 in:你也勤来我也勤,生产同心土变金。工人农民亲兄弟,心心相印团结紧。 iang:杨家养了一只羊,蒋家修了一道墙。杨家的羊撞倒了蒋家的墙,蒋家的墙压死了杨家的羊。杨家要蒋家赔杨家的羊,蒋家要杨家赔蒋家的墙。 ing:天上七颗星,树上七只鹰,梁上七个钉,台上七盏灯。拿扇扇了灯,用手拔了钉,举q打了鹰,乌云盖了星。 ua:一个胖娃娃,画了三个大花活蛤蟆;三个胖娃娃,画不出一个大花活蛤蟆。画不出一个大花活蛤蟆的三个胖娃娃,真不如画了三个大花活蛤蟆的一个胖娃娃。。 uo(o):狼打柴,狗烧火,猫儿上炕捏窝窝,雀儿飞来蒸饽饽。 uai:槐树槐,槐树槐,槐树底下搭戏台,人家的姑娘都来了,我家的姑娘还不来。说着说着就来了,骑着驴,打着伞,歪着脑袋上戏台。 uei:威威、伟伟和卫卫,拿着水杯去接水。威威让伟伟,伟伟让卫卫,卫卫让威威,没人先接水。一二三,排好队,一个一个来接水。 uang:王庄卖筐,匡庄卖网,王庄卖筐不卖网,匡庄卖网不卖筐,你要买筐别去匡庄去王庄,你要买网别去王庄去匡庄。 ueng:老翁卖酒老翁买,老翁买酒老翁卖。 ong:冲冲栽了十畦葱,松松栽了十棵松。冲冲说栽松不如栽葱,松松说栽葱不如栽松。是栽松不如栽葱,还是栽葱不如栽松? uan—uang:那边划来一艘船,这边漂去一张床,船床河中互相撞,不知船撞床,还是床撞船。 uan—an:大帆船,小帆船,竖起桅杆撑起船。风吹帆,帆引船,帆船顺风转海湾。 uen—en:孙伦打靶真叫准,半蹲射击特别神,本是半路出家人,摸爬滚打练成神。 üe:真绝,真绝,真叫绝,皓月当空下大雪,麻雀游泳不飞跃,鹊巢鸠占鹊喜悦。 ün:军车运来一堆裙,一色军用绿色裙。军训女生一大群,换下花裙换绿裙。 üan:圆圈圆,圈圆圈,圆圆娟娟画圆圈。娟娟画的圈连圈,圆圆画的圈套圈。娟娟圆圆比圆圈,看看谁的圆圈圆。 iong:小涌勇敢学游泳,勇敢游泳是英雄。 其他经典绕口令 1、初入江湖:化肥会挥发 2、小有名气:黑化肥发灰,灰化肥发黑 3、名动一方:黑化肥发灰会挥发;灰化肥挥发会发黑 4、天下闻名:黑化肥挥发发灰会花飞;灰化肥挥发发黑会飞花 5、一代宗师:黑灰化肥会挥发发灰黑讳为花飞;灰黑化肥会挥发发黑灰为讳飞花 6、超凡入圣:黑灰化肥灰会挥发发灰黑讳为黑灰花会飞;灰黑化肥会会挥发发黑灰为讳飞花化为灰 7、天外飞仙:黑化黑灰化肥灰会挥发发灰黑讳为黑灰花会回飞;灰化灰黑化肥会会挥发发黑灰为讳飞花回化为灰 8、喇嘛和哑巴 打南边来了个喇嘛,手里提拉着五斤鳎(tǎ) 目。打北边来了个哑巴,腰里别着个喇叭。 南边提拉着鳎目的喇嘛要拿鳎目换北边别喇叭哑巴的喇叭。 哑巴不愿意拿喇叭换喇嘛的鳎目,喇嘛非要换别喇叭哑巴的喇叭。 喇嘛抡起鳎目抽了别喇叭哑巴一鳎目,哑巴摘下喇叭打了提拉着鳎目的喇嘛一喇叭。也不知是提拉着鳎目的喇嘛抽了别喇叭哑巴一鳎目,还是别喇叭哑巴打了提拉着鳎目的喇嘛一喇叭。 喇嘛炖鳎目,哑巴嘀嘀哒哒吹喇叭。 经典英文绕口令 1 Canners can can what they can can but can not can things can't be canned 2 Bill's big brother is building a beautiful building between two big brick blocks 3 Please, Paul, pause for applause 4 "Shall I show you the shop for shoes and shirts" Shirley said to Shelley 5 Do you agree, if you are free to come to tea with me by the sea 6 Paul called from the hall that he had slipped on the floor and couldn't get to the door 7 I'd buy my ties before the price begins to rise 8 A snow-white swan swam swiftly to catch a slowly swimming snake in a lake 9 It is a fine thing to sing in spring, I think 10 Famine and failure faced the frightened farmer 11 I am amazed it is a craze these days to dance to music of Jazz 12 In winter the weather in Wales is wild 13 I know You know I know that you know I know that you know that I know 14 Mike likes to write by the nice bright light at night 15 Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers 16The sixth sick sheik's sixth sheep sick 17Dry august and warm doth harvest no harm 18The cuckoo comes in April, and stays the month of May; sings a song AT midsummer, and then goes away 19Money the best friend of the masses, the support of the classes, the aim of the lasses, the ruin of the asses 20Avery's army's armory 21"What ails Alex" Asks Alice "What ails Alex" Asks Alice "What ails Alex" Asks Alice 22If assist a sister-assistant, will the sister's sister-assistant assist me 23Are Archie and Audrey's archery arrows as arty as Artie's archery arrows 24Ava ate eighty eggs Ava ate eighty eggs Ava ate eighty eggs 25All Al's sly allies lie All al's sly allies lie All al's sly allies lie 26 Mike likes to write by the nice bright light at night 27 The small ball did fall from the top of the tall wall 28 Bill's big brother is building a beautiful building 29 I wish to wish the wish you wish to wish, but if you wish the wish the witch 30If two witches watched two watches,which witch would watch which watch
be 的用法口诀
我用am,你用are,is连着他,她,它;
单数名词用is,复数名词全用are
变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃
变否定,更容易,be后not莫忘记
疑问否定任你变,句首大写莫迟疑
时间名词前所用介词的速记歌
年月周前要用in,日子前面却不行
遇到几号要用on,上午下午又是in
要说某日上下午,用on换in才能行
午夜黄昏须用at,黎明用它也不错
at也用在明分前,说差可要用上to,
说过只可使用past,多说多练牢牢记,
莫让岁月空蹉跎
可数名词的复数变化规律[1]:
名词复数有规律,一般词尾加s;
辅音字母+y型,变y为i,es;
ch,sh真有趣,s,x,es;
f,fe真小气,字母v来把它替,es在后别忘记;
字母o来真神奇,有生命来es,没有生命+s
可数名词复数特殊变化规律[2]:
中日好友来聚会,
绵羊、鹿、鱼把家回。
男士、女士a变e;
牙(齿)、脚双o变双e;
孩子们想去天安门,
原形后面r、 e 、n;
老鼠本来爱大米,
mice,ice和rice
注:中Chinese,日Japanese,好友people
绵羊sheep,鹿deer,鱼fish (这些单词单复数一样)
man--men woman--women tooth--teeth foot--feet
child--children mouse--mice
一般现在时态
(一)
I、we、you、they作主语,
动词原形后面跟;
否定句,更容易,
动词前面加don't;
疑问句,别着急,
句首Do,来帮你,
后面问号别忘记;
肯定回答用Yes,
I、we、you、they加上do;
否定回答要用No,
I、we、you、they加don't
(二)
主语三单他、她、它,
动三形式后面压,
词尾一般s加;
辅音字母+y型,
变y为i,es;
ch,sh真有趣,
s,x,es;
三个特殊那里去?
has、goes和does;
否定句,记住它,
动词前面doesn't;
疑问句,别着急,
句首Does,来帮你;
肯定回答用Yes,
he、she、it加does;
否定回答要用No,
he、she、it、doesn't;
Does、doesn't来帮你,
后面动词定注意,
恢复原形要切记。
记住f(e)结尾的名词复数
妻子持刀去宰狼,小偷吓得发了慌;
躲在架后保己命,半片树叶遮目光
九个以-f(e)结尾的名词。wife(妻子)、knife(刀子)、wolf(狼)、thief(小偷)、shelf(架子)、self(自己)、 life(生命)、half(一半)、leaf(树叶)
b、中点出了七个,即thief、wife、knife、leaf、wolf、half和 life。
这些名词以-f(e)结尾变复数时,将-f(e)变v再加es。还有以-self结尾的反身代词复数用法也同样,如: myself-ourselves yourself-yourselves
例外的有serf(农奴)、chief(首领)、belief(信仰)、safe(保险柜)、gulf(海湾),它们以直接加-s变为复数形式,另外handkerchief可用两种复数形式。handkerchiefs或handkerchieves
巧记48个国际音标
单元音共十二,四二六前中后
双元音也好背,合口集中八个整
辅音共计二十八,八对一清又七浊,
四个连对也包括有气无声清辅音,
有声无气浊辅音,发音特点应掌握
非谓语动词的一些特殊用法:
后只接不定式作宾语的一些常用特殊谓语动词 动词后,不定式,want,hope和wish,
agree,decide,mean,manage,promise,
expect,pretend,且说两位算在此,
要记牢,要记住,掌握它们靠自己
后接动词不定式做宾语补足语,省略不定式符号to的一些常用特殊动词
一些动词要掌握,have,let和make,
此三动词是使役,注意观察听到see,
还有feel和watch,使用它们要仔细,
后接宾补略去to,此点千万要牢记
除此之外,还可以掌握八字言
一感feel,二听hear,listen to,三让have,let,make,四看see,look at,observe,watch
后只接动名词做宾语的一些常用特殊动词
特殊动词接动名,使用它们要记清,
放弃享受可后悔,
坚持练习必完成,
延期避免非介意
掌握它们今必行
动名词在句中的功能及其它
动名语法其功能,名词特征有动形,主宾表定都可作,动名现分要认清,现分不作宾和主,
动名作状可不行二词皆可作定语,混为一谈不允许,主谓关系视分词,动名一词无此义
现在分词形式及在句子中的作用(包括过去分词的作用):
现在分词真好记,动词后面ING它的作用真不小,可以充当定状表
还有宾语补足语,忘记此项不可以
分词做定语的位置及其它
定分位置有二条,词前词后定分晓
单个分词在词前,有时此规有颠倒
分词短语在词后,定从和它互对照
现分动作进行时,过分动作完成了
(注:定分:做定语的分词:定从:定语从句:现分:现在分词:过分:过去分词)
分词做状语在句子中所表示的意义
分词做状语,概有七意义
时间和原因,结果与目的
方式加伴随,条件常出席
且谈其主语,谓语头前的
欲要记住它,必须常练习(指句子的主语)
独立主格结构
独立结构要认清:名代之后副或形
或是分词或介短,with结构不可轻,
名代二词是其主,句子结构必分明
独立结构好掌握,句中作用只一个:
千变万化皆做状,其中意义也不多
时间条件和原因,方式伴随没别的
状从和其前三个,可以互变不难学
英语分数巧记
英语分数不费事,母序子基四个字
分子若是大于一,分母还须加-s
字母oo读音歌
oo发最常见,非重音中要短念
字母k前不能长,好脚站木羊毛短
血与水灾真特殊,oo读[]细分辨
oo加r读作[ ],poor读[ ]好可怜
注:好脚站木即:good,foot,stood,wood
第二句也可以是:dk之前oo短,footfood恰相反
1长音:bloom,boot,cool,foot,moon,root,school,soon,too,troop,room,zoo
2弱读短:classroom,schoolroom,workroom,bedroom,boyhood
3k前短:book,brook,cook,look,shook,took
4[ ]:door,floor
在某些表示请求命令建议等动词后面的宾语从句中,谓语动词要用动词原形或should+动词原形
Iinsist, ddenand, rrequest/require/recommend, oorder, ppropose, ccommand, aadvise, ppreqersic, ssuggest
巧记英文信封的写法
A可以记住汉字尖字,先写小地名,再写大地名
B将竖式汉文写法的信封,按顺时针方向旋至水平位置这样,地址的排列顺序恰巧是英文信封的书写格式
巧记家庭成员
爹father 娘mother 哥哥弟弟brother 姐姐妹妹sister
long before 和before long
long 在前(long before),很久前, long在后(before long),不久后
巧记lie和lay
躺 lie,lay,lain,lie in bed again;
撒谎 lie,lied,lied,dont be a liar;
产蛋 lay,laid,laid,a hen laid an egg;
放置 A loy picked it up,and laid it in the bag
开闭音节歌
开音节,音节开,
一元字母在后排;
不怕一辅堵后门,
还有哑e在门外
(拍手念)a,e,o,u,i
就读eii:ai
闭音节,音节闭,
一元字母生闷气;
辅音字母堵后门,
一元字母音短急
(拍手念)a,e,o,u,i
常用the的情况:
特指、重现用定冠;独一无二把冠添。
党、政、机关开会议,组织农业帽在前。
江山河海和峡湾;沙岛有帽较安全。
阶级国家分朝代;厂矿造船要带衔。
节目奏乐衣冠严,习惯随俗记心间。
注:冠、帽、衔之类均指定冠词。
定冠词的习惯用法:
①某家人或某夫妇一般用the+复数。如:the Smiths
②表示整个民族或族人一般加the。如 the Chinese/English
③少数山脉群岛也不用the。如Mount Tai。如名词中有of短语则一般有the如:the Mountain of seven sighs
④中国的湖泊一般加 the。如:the West Lake
R>⑤the+adj表示类别。如:the rich
⑥年代,年龄的约数前常用the。如:in the 1950s,in his teens
⑦表计量单位用the含有“每”、“每一”
It sells at two dollars the pound
It sells 16 dollars to the pound
John is paid by the hour
⑧下列结构中的冠词。
-have+the+抽象名词+to do sth = be so +adj+ as to do sth
如:He has the politeness/kindness to say hello to me
=He is so polite/kind as to say hello to me
不用冠词的场合
抽象、物质、专有名,代词基数用作限定;
泛指节假季节星期几,球棋、呼语与餐名;
刊物、公告与标题,普通名词并列紧相邻;
唯一职位,学科与语种,洲、国、省、市、县街路名。
上述口诀用心牢记,并结合下列说明予以理解
①抽象、物质名词和专有名词一般无冠词,但物质名词、抽象名词具体化,或专有名词泛指时,常用不定冠词,例:
a Mr Wang/a climb/a swim
for a while/in a hurry/a fire Here is a life of struggle
Physics is a science There was a heavy rain last night等抽象名词受of短语修饰或上下文已予限定,用the
如:the science of speech sounds 语音学
the music of the film, do me the favor to do sth
②代数词、基数词作前置定词,不用冠词。
③泛指的节假日、季节、星期前不用冠词。但是季节名词表特定时间或受of知识修饰时用the如:in the winter of 1948。
有时泛指时间用a+adj+名词。如:have a hot summer
④餐名前一般无冠词。但餐名受adj修饰时常常有a(an)特指时用the
如:have a good supper The breakfast was well cooked
dinner表“宴会”时,是可数名词,有各种冠词修饰give a dinner to them
⑤普通名词并列时不用冠词
soul and heart/husband and wife/day after day/arm in arm/hand in hand
⑥语种前不用冠词。但the English结构用the。
What's the English for labour
The English of shakespear
作限定时用the
⑦广场、公园、学校、建筑物等专有名词,由“专有名词+普通名词”构成时不用冠词。但the University of Beijing结构和the Beijing station中用the
动词形式的变化
动词根本是原形,
变化形式有四种:
原形词尾加“s”,
现在第三单人称;
过去原形加“ed”,
过去分词也相同;
原形加上“ing”,
现在分词或动名。
原形词尾加“s”,
如同名词复数式。
若加“ed/ing”,
以下情况要注意:
词尾有e只加d,
ing去无声e;
词尾ie变成y,
然后再加ing;
辅音之后y结尾,
y要变i加ed;
现在分词不变y,
直接加上ing ;
词尾重读闭音节,
加缀辅音都双写,
r做结尾也一样,
重读音节r双写;
结尾字母是“t”,
不是重读也双写。
过去分词过去式,
不按规则也有些。
基数词变序数词[之一)
基变序,有规律,
词尾字母tdd。①
八减t,九减e,
f要把ve替。②ty把y变成i,
记住th前有个e。③①按:指first、second、third。
②按:指eight去掉t,nine去掉e,five和twelve去掉ve
加上f。
⑦按:指twenty→twentieth等。
基数词变序数词(之二)
第一、二、三要全变,①
其余“th”加后边,⑧“th”里有例外,
你需格外记明白:
八减t,九减e,②
字母f代ve,④ty变tie。⑥
①one——first,two——second,three——third。
②four-fourth,seven-seventh,hundred-hundredth。
③eight——eighth,nine—ninth。
④five—fifth,twelve—twelfth。
⑤twenty—twentieth,sixty——sixtieth。
直接引语间接引语的记忆口诀、定语从句记忆口诀、被动语态的口诀
人称变更怎么办? “一主①、二宾②、三不变”③
若是自引自的话, 听者不变称不变。
注:①“一主”指在直接引语中的第一人称变为间接引语时,要和主句中的主语在人称上保持一致。如:
He sad,“I am forty,”→He said that he was forty.
②“二宾”指直接引语中的第二人称变为间接引语时,要和主句中的间接宾语保持人称一致。如:
He said,“Are you coming tomorrow?”→He asked me if I wascoming the next day.
③“三不变”指直接引语中的第三人称变为间接引语时,人称不变。如:
He said,“Is she an English teacher?”→He asked if she was an English teacher.
另外注意直接引语为复数,引述者主语为单数,间接引语主语相应变复数。如:
He said,“Are you interested in English?”→He asked me/us if Iwas/we were interested in English
第三个
一般现、过用be done,be有人称、时、数变。
完成时态have done,被动将been加中间。
一般将来shall (will) do,被动变do为be done。
将来进行无被动,shall (will) be doing,
现在完成进行同,have (has) been doing。
现、过进行be doing, 被动be加being done。
情、助、有、是妥安排,一律随新主语变。
否定助后加not,疑问一助置主前。
主语恰是疑问词,直陈语序主在前。
一般情助加be done,双宾多将间宾变。
复合宾语宾变主,宾补、主补相应变
1 A big black bear sat on a big black bug
2 A big black bug bit a big black bear and made the big black bear bleed blood
3 A big black bug bit a big black dog on his big black nose!
4 A loyal warrior will rarely worry why we rule
5 A noise annoys an oyster, but a noisy noise annoys an oyster more!
6 Ann and Andy's anniversary is in April
7 Bake big batches of bitter brown bread
8 Big black bugs bleed blue black blood but baby black bugs bleed blue blood
9 Black background, brown background
10 Blake's black bike's back brake bracket block broke
11 Blue glue gun, green glue gun
12 Caution: Wide Right Turns
13 Each Easter Eddie eats eighty Easter eggs
14 Elizabeth has eleven elves in her elm tree
15 Elizabeth's birthday is on the third Thursday of this month
16 Fresh fried fish, Fish fresh fried, Fried fish fresh, Fish fried fresh
17 Freshly fried fresh flesh
18 Green glass globes glow greenly
19 He threw three balls
20 He threw three free throws
21 Here's an easy game to play Here's an easy thing to say:
22 How many cookies could a good cook cook If a good cook could cook cookies A good cook could cook as much cookies as a good cook who could cook cookies
23 How may saws could a see-saw saw if a see-saw could saw saws
24 How much oil boil can a gum boil boil if a gum boil can boil oil
25 I thought a thought But the thought I thought wasn't the thought I thought I thought If the thought I thought I thought had been the thought I thought, I wouldn't have thought so much
26 I wish I were what I was when I wished I were what I am
27 I wish to wish the wish you wish to wish, but if you wish the wish the witch wishes, I won't wish the wish you wish to wish
28 I wish you were a fish in my dish
29 If two witches would watch two watches, which witch would watch which watch
30 If you notice this notice, you will notice that this notice is not worth noticing
31 It's not the cough that carries you off, it's the coffin they carry you off in!
32 Little red lorry
33 Miss Smith's fish-sauce shop seldom sells shellfish
34 Never trouble about trouble until trouble troubles you!
35 Nothing is worth thousands of deaths
36 Picky people pick Peter Pan Peanut Butter Peter Pan Peanut is the peanut picky people pick
37 Ripe white wheat reapers reap ripe white wheat right
38 She said she should sit
39 She sells sea shells on the seashore The seashells she sells are seashells she is sure
40 Shut up the shutters and sit in the shop
41 Silly sheep weep and sleep
42 Six shining cities, six shining cities, six shining cities
43 Six sick sea-serpents swam the seven seas
44 Six sleek swans swam swiftly southwards
45 Stupid superstition!
46 The batter with the butter is the batter that is better!
47 The great Greek grape growers grow great Greek grapes
48 The soldier's shoulder surely hurts!
49 There those thousand thinkers were thinking how did the other three thieves go through
50 There's a sandwich on the sand which was sent by a sane witch
51 Two tiny tigers take two taxis to town
52 Very well, very well, very well
53 What noise annoys an oyster most A noisy noise annoys an oyster most
54 Willie's really weary
How much dew would a dewdrop drop if a dewdrop could drop dew
如果一颗露珠会掉下露水,那么一颗露珠会掉下多少露水呢?
The driver was drunk and drove the doctor's car directly into the deep ditch
这个司机喝醉了,他把医生的车开进了一个大深沟里。
Sandy sniffed sweet smelling sunflower seeds while sitting beside a swift stream
桑迪坐在湍急的小溪边尽情地品味着葵花子的香味。
A snow-white swan swam swiftly to catch a slowly-swimming snake in a lake
湖中一只雪白的天鹅快速地游动着去追赶一条慢慢游动的蛇。
A pleasant peasant keeps a pleasant pheasant and both the peasant and the pheasant are having a pleasant time together
一位和气的农民养了一只伶俐的野鸡,而且这位和气的农民和这只伶俐的野鸡在一起度过了一段很美好的时光。
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