搭建mongo的replica set

概述搭建mongo的replica set 前言 安装 构建副本集 加入认证 备份数据 备份数据到本地 数据恢复 搭建mongo的replica set 前言 准备三台机器，相互可以访问的。处理思路，先构 搭建mongo的replica set前言安装构建副本集加入认证备份数据备份数据到本地数据恢复搭建mongo的replica set前言

准备三台机器，相互可以访问的。处理思路，先构建无需认证的集群，然后进入主节点，初始化集群的账号密码。然后开启所有机器的认证。

安装

mongo1

安装mongo

// 下载# wget http://downloads.mongodb.org/linux/mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-4.2.1.tgz# tar zxvf mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-4.2.1.tgz# mv mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-4.2.1 /usr/local/mongodb// 创建db的data目录# cd /usr/local/mongodb/# mkdir data// 存放数据# mkdir data/db// 存放log# mkdir data/logs# touch data/mongodb.log# cd data# mv mongdb.log logs

写入配置文件，vi mongodb.cof

// 端口port = 27018bind_ip = 0.0.0.0#集群名字replSet = mongos#数据目录(自己刚才设置的位置)dbpath = /usr/local/mongodb/data/db#日志目录(自己刚才设置的位置))logpath = /usr/local/mongodb/data/logs/mongodb.log#设置后台运行fork = true#日志输出方式logappend = true#开启认证#auth = true#安全文件地址#keyfile = /usr/local/mongodb/data/mongodb.key

关于ip

bind_ip = 192.168.0.136    #如果修改成本机IP，那除了本机外的机器都可以连接（就是自己连不了、哈哈、蛋疼）bind_ip = 0.0.0.0           #改成0，那么大家都可以访问（共赢）bind_ip = 127.0.0.1         #改成127，那就只能自己练了（独吞）

所以为了方便其他服务器和自己连接，就把bind_ip改成0.0.0.0

启动

# ./bin/mongod -f  ./data/mongodb.conf

三台机器都安装下

构建副本集

进去其中一台机器

./bin/mongo 192.168.56.101:27018

查看副本集的状态

rs.status(){	"operationTime" : Timestamp(0,0),"ok" : 0,"errmsg" : "no replset config has been received","code" : 94,"codename" : "NotYetinitialized","$clusterTime" : {		"clusterTime" : Timestamp(0,"signature" : {			"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),"keyID" : NumberLong(0)		}	}}

发现没有初始化，然后我们来初始化

 rs.initiate({     _ID: "mongos",members: [        { _ID : 0,host : "192.168.56.101:27018" },{ _ID : 1,host : "192.168.56.102:27018" },{ _ID : 2,host : "192.168.56.103:27018" }      ] });

再次查看状态

rs.status(){	"set" : "mongos","date" : ISODate("2020-07-19T14:49:52.387Z"),"myState" : 1,"term" : NumberLong(1),"syncingTo" : "","syncSourceHost" : "","syncSourceID" : -1,"heartbeatIntervalMillis" : NumberLong(2000),"majorityVoteCount" : 2,"writeMajorityCount" : 2,"optimes" : {		"lastCommittedOpTime" : {			"ts" : Timestamp(1595170188,2),"t" : NumberLong(1)		},"lastCommitteDWallTime" : ISODate("2020-07-19T14:49:48.999Z"),"readConcernMajorityOpTime" : {			"ts" : Timestamp(1595170188,"readConcernMajorityWallTime" : ISODate("2020-07-19T14:49:48.999Z"),"applIEdOpTime" : {			"ts" : Timestamp(1595170188,"durableOpTime" : {			"ts" : Timestamp(1595170188,"lastApplIEDWallTime" : ISODate("2020-07-19T14:49:48.999Z"),"lastDurableWallTime" : ISODate("2020-07-19T14:49:48.999Z")	},"lastStableRecoveryTimestamp" : Timestamp(1595170187,3),"lastStableCheckpointTimestamp" : Timestamp(1595170187,"electionCandIDateMetrics" : {		"lastElectionReason" : "electionTimeout","lastElectionDate" : ISODate("2020-07-19T14:49:47.525Z"),"termAtElection" : NumberLong(1),"lastCommittedOpTimeatElection" : {			"ts" : Timestamp(0,"t" : NumberLong(-1)		},"lastSeenopTimeatElection" : {			"ts" : Timestamp(1595170176,1),"numVotesNeeded" : 2,"priorityAtElection" : 1,"electionTimeoutMillis" : NumberLong(10000),"numCatchUpOps" : NumberLong(269553681),"newTermStartDate" : ISODate("2020-07-19T14:49:47.939Z"),"wMajorityWriteAvailabilityDate" : ISODate("2020-07-19T14:49:48.897Z")	},"members" : [		{			"_ID" : 0,"name" : "192.168.56.101:27018","ip" : "192.168.56.101","health" : 1,"state" : 1,"stateStr" : "PRIMARY","uptime" : 1492,"optime" : {				"ts" : Timestamp(1595170188,"t" : NumberLong(1)			},"optimeDate" : ISODate("2020-07-19T14:49:48Z"),"infoMessage" : "Could not find member to sync from","electionTime" : Timestamp(1595170187,"electionDate" : ISODate("2020-07-19T14:49:47Z"),"configVersion" : 1,"self" : true,"lastHeartbeatMessage" : ""		},{			"_ID" : 1,"name" : "192.168.56.102:27018","ip" : "192.168.56.102","state" : 2,"stateStr" : "SECONDARY","uptime" : 15,"optimeDurable" : {				"ts" : Timestamp(1595170188,"optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("2020-07-19T14:49:48Z"),"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2020-07-19T14:49:51.552Z"),"lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2020-07-19T14:49:50.817Z"),"PingMs" : NumberLong(1),"lastHeartbeatMessage" : "","syncingTo" : "192.168.56.101:27018","syncSourceHost" : "192.168.56.101:27018","syncSourceID" : 0,"infoMessage" : "","configVersion" : 1		},{			"_ID" : 2,"name" : "192.168.56.103:27018","ip" : "192.168.56.103","lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2020-07-19T14:49:51.555Z"),"lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2020-07-19T14:49:50.830Z"),"PingMs" : NumberLong(0),"configVersion" : 1		}	],"ok" : 1,"$clusterTime" : {		"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1595170188,"keyID" : NumberLong(0)		}	},"operationTime" : Timestamp(1595170188,2)}

发现已经初始化好了

加入认证

进去到PRIMARY节点初始化集群的登录账号和密码信息

# ./bin/mongo 192.168.56.101:27018# use admin# db.createuser({user: 'handle',pwd: '123456',roles: ['root']})

生成keyfile

MongoDB使用keyfile认证，副本集中的每个mongod实例使用keyfile内容作为认证其他成员的共享密码。mongod实例只有拥有正确的keyfile才可以加入副本集。keyfile的内容必须是6到1024个字符的长度，且副本集所有成员的keyfile内容必须相同。有一点要注意是的：在UNIX系统中，keyfile必须没有组权限或完全权限（也就是权限要设置成X00的形式）。windows系统中，keyfile权限没有被检查。可以使用任意方法生成keyfile。例如，如下 *** 作使用openssl生成复杂的随机的1024个字符串。然后使用chmod修改文件权限，只给文件拥有者提供读权限。

# 400权限是要保证安全性，否则mongod启动会报错openssl rand -base64 756 > mongodb.keychmod 400 mongodb.key

然后放到mongodb中的data目录，三台机器keyfile要一致。我是在一台中生成，然后传到其他的服务器中。

打开认证，三台机器都要执行

#开启认证auth = true#安全文件地址keyfile = /usr/local/mongodb/data/mongodb.key

之后重启mongo

# ./bin/mongo 192.168.56.102:27018rs.status(){	"operationTime" : Timestamp(1595212820,"errmsg" : "command replSetGetStatus requires authentication","code" : 13,"codename" : "Unauthorized","$clusterTime" : {		"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1595212820,"7N/yM+2RounFZVTIzjbW+rEcZNs="),"keyID" : NumberLong("6851374857561571330")		}	}}

不带账号密码登录，提示Unauthorized

# ./bin/mongo 192.168.56.102:27018 -u "handle" -p "123456" --authenticationDatabase "admin"rs.status(){	"set" : "mongos","date" : ISODate("2020-07-20T02:44:20.836Z"),"term" : NumberLong(3),"optimes" : {		"lastCommittedOpTime" : {			"ts" : Timestamp(1595213060,"t" : NumberLong(3)		},"lastCommitteDWallTime" : ISODate("2020-07-20T02:44:20.154Z"),"readConcernMajorityOpTime" : {			"ts" : Timestamp(1595213060,"readConcernMajorityWallTime" : ISODate("2020-07-20T02:44:20.154Z"),"applIEdOpTime" : {			"ts" : Timestamp(1595213060,"durableOpTime" : {			"ts" : Timestamp(1595213060,"lastApplIEDWallTime" : ISODate("2020-07-20T02:44:20.154Z"),"lastDurableWallTime" : ISODate("2020-07-20T02:44:20.154Z")	},"lastStableRecoveryTimestamp" : Timestamp(1595213010,"lastStableCheckpointTimestamp" : Timestamp(1595213010,"lastElectionDate" : ISODate("2020-07-20T01:56:39.170Z"),"termAtElection" : NumberLong(3),"lastSeenopTimeatElection" : {			"ts" : Timestamp(1595210160,"t" : NumberLong(2)		},"numCatchUpOps" : NumberLong(808464432),"newTermStartDate" : ISODate("2020-07-20T01:56:39.976Z"),"wMajorityWriteAvailabilityDate" : ISODate("2020-07-20T01:56:40.667Z")	},"uptime" : 2871,"optime" : {				"ts" : Timestamp(1595213050,"t" : NumberLong(3)			},"optimeDurable" : {				"ts" : Timestamp(1595213050,"optimeDate" : ISODate("2020-07-20T02:44:10Z"),"optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("2020-07-20T02:44:10Z"),"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2020-07-20T02:44:19.053Z"),"lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2020-07-20T02:44:20.779Z"),"syncingTo" : "192.168.56.102:27018","syncSourceHost" : "192.168.56.102:27018","syncSourceID" : 1,"uptime" : 2873,"optime" : {				"ts" : Timestamp(1595213060,"optimeDate" : ISODate("2020-07-20T02:44:20Z"),"electionTime" : Timestamp(1595210199,"electionDate" : ISODate("2020-07-20T01:56:39Z"),"uptime" : 2831,"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2020-07-20T02:44:19.069Z"),"lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2020-07-20T02:44:19.689Z"),"$clusterTime" : {		"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1595213060,"vWZEW8RyQOU7IwSaLMmrEancUio="),"keyID" : NumberLong("6851374857561571330")		}	},"operationTime" : Timestamp(1595213060,1)}

账号密码设置成功了

备份数据

备份(mongodump)与恢复(mongorestore)

备份数据到本地

mongodump -h 192.168.56.101:27018 -u handle -p 123456 -o /home/liz/Desktop/mongo-bei

数据恢复

新的集群安装完成之后，恢复数据到Primary节点，集群会自动同步到副本集中

mongorestore -h 192.168.56.101:27018 -u handle -p 123456  /home/liz/Desktop/mongo-bei

注意：更换自己服务器上面的ip和mongo对应的账号密码

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